Jul 24, 2023
Green Iguanas as Pets: What You Need to Know
Young green iguanas look small and manageable, but they grow quickly. An adult can reach 1.5 to 2 meters (5 to 6 feet) including the tail and live 15 to 20 years, so this is a serious long-term commitment.
Quick facts
- Adult length: up to about 1.5 to 2 m (5 to 6 ft), most of it tail
- Lifespan: commonly 15 to 20 years
- Diet: herbivore, mostly leafy greens and vegetables
- Lighting: UVB light is essential
Space and temperature
An adult iguana needs a room-sized enclosure or a custom-built cage, with branches to climb and a warm basking area. Aim for a basking spot of around 35 to 38°C (95 to 100°F) and a cooler zone in the high 20s °C (low 80s °F), with fairly high humidity. A thermometer at each end of the enclosure helps you keep the gradient right.
Lighting and health
Iguanas need UVB light to make vitamin D and absorb calcium. Without it they develop metabolic bone disease, which causes weak bones and deformities. Use a proper reptile UVB bulb on a timer for 10 to 12 hours a day and replace it as the manufacturer advises, since output fades before the light looks dim.
Diet
Feed a variety of leafy greens such as collard, mustard and turnip greens, plus vegetables and a little fruit. Avoid animal protein, which can harm the kidneys over time. Offer fresh water and use a calcium supplement as recommended by a reptile vet. Chop food into small pieces.
Temperament and handling
Hand-raised iguanas can be calm, but adults are strong and can bite or whip with the tail when stressed. Move slowly and learn the warning signs: head bobbing, a puffed-up dewlap and tail twitching. Like other reptiles, iguanas can carry Salmonella, so wash your hands after handling them or cleaning the cage.
Before you buy
Check local laws, because some regions restrict iguanas. Find an exotic-animal vet before you need one, and make sure you can provide space, heat and light for the animal’s whole life. If you can, an iguana is a fascinating, intelligent reptile.
This guide is for general information only and is not a substitute for advice from a qualified veterinarian. If your pet seems unwell, contact your vet.
